Answer Key

Basic biological Princples

1. WHAT IS AN ORGANISM ?

A.) Animals, plants, bacteria.

B.) Bacteria, atoms

C.) Energy

A is correct because organisms are all living things. The answer is not C because energy is not a living thing, energy is things such as electricity, fuel and even a stimulate in your body. The answer is not B, although bacteria is a type of organism. Atoms are not types of organisms though.

2. WHAT IS A MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM?

A. organisms that have multiple cells.

B. Cells that have one cell

A. Multi means more than one. So when you combine multi and cellular it means organisms that have multiple cells.

3. WHAT IS UNICELLULAR ORGANISM?

A.) organisms that have multiple cells.

B.) Cells that have one cell

B. Uni means one. When you combine uni and cellular it means organisms that consist of one cell.

4. What does Chloroplast do ?

Chloroplast captures the energy in sunlight which changes the sunlight into chemical energy.

5. What are the two main types of cells?

The two main types of cells are prokaryotic cells, and eukaryotic cells.

Chemical Basis of life

1.) What are the monomers called that nucleic cells are made up of ?

A.) Nucleotides

B.) Carbon

C.) Ribosomes

2.) What holds the two strands of DNA together to form a double strand?

A.) Phosphate-sugar backbone

B.) Hydrogen bonds

3.) Is DNA usually found as a double-stranded or a single strand molecule?

A.) Double-stranded

B.) Single strand

4.) How much percent of water does an average have in their body?

- The body has an average of up to 65% water in the body.

5.) What is solubility?

- Solubility is one substance being able to dissolve in another substance.

Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

What is the product of photosynthesis

A.) Glucose

B.) Oxygen

C.) Both

D.) None of the above

C- Both glucose and oxygen come out of the process known as photosynthesis

2.) What is the product of cellular respiration

A.) ATP

B.) Glucose

C.) Water

D.) 6CO2 + 6H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2

A- When Carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy combine they create ATP

3.) Chloroplast is the green substance in a plant cell that…

A.) Eats the food produced by photosynthesis

B.) Absorbs light and uses it along with carbon dioxide and water to produce food for the cell.

C.) It is put there for decoration

D.) produces carbon Dixode

B- In the green part of the chloroplast there is a substance called chlorophyll which attracts the sunlight and absorbs it to combine it with carbon dioxide and water.

4.) In figure 1. Above It shows how photosynthesis and cellular respiration are a circulatory system and work hand in hand on keeping the balance of oxygen. What two reactants go into photosynthesis and what two reactants go into cellular respiration

A.) ATP, Carbon Dixode

B.) Mitochrondria, Heat

C.) Animal Cell, Plant cell

D.) Carbon Dioxide, water & ATP, Glucose, Oxygen

D- The answer is D because the two reactants in the diagram that start off in photosynthesis is Carbon dioxide & water. In Cellular respiration the two reactants used are ATP, Glucose, And oxygen.

5.) Write a short paragraph explaining what the process of photosynthesis is

-The process of Photosynthesis is when Chloroplast takes in the sunlight energy combines it with carbon dioxide and water which turns it into Atp. A useable energy that will be useful during the process of cellular respiration.

6.) Write a short paragraph explaining what the process of cellular respiration is

-The process of cellular respiration occurs when a Living organism goes through where a set of chemical reactions creates a useable form of energy by breaking down sugars which produces the useable energy, oxygen, and people are able to breathe in and take through their whole system.

7.) Describe what the circulatory process is for photosynthesis and cellular respiration and how the two go hand and hand.

-Photosynthesis makes the glucose that is used in cellular respiration to make ATP. The glucose is then turned back into carbon dioxide, which is used in photosynthesis. While water is broken down to form oxygen during photosynthesis.

Homeostasis and tranport

1.) What is the process of thermoregulation?
A.) When your hypothalamus in your brain senses your internal temperature becoming too low or high, it sends signals to your muscles, organs, glands, and nervous system.

B.) Making you Shiver, itch, sweat.

A- Because it triggers your body to do things like shiver if your cold or to sweat if you start getting to hot.

2.) What was thermoregulation compared to in the examples above
A.) central heating and cooling system
B.) A thermometer

A- Your body acts like an automatic cooling and heating system whenever temperature feels to high or low you body gives off different reactions.

What is an example of negative feedback looping?
-Shivering or Sweating

What is an example of positive feedback looping?
-Giving birth

Which of the following is not an example of a person creating homeostasis in their body

A.) Shivering
B.) Sweating
C.) Eating
D.) Urinating

C- The rest of the examples are different ways your body reacts to certain internal conditions, Eating is not one of them.

Theory of Evolution

Natural Selection is the process where advantages are given to the offspring (B).
The study of an organism’s early development is known as embryology (A).
An organism that shares the same ancestor with similar structures are called homologous structures (B).
Homologous structures are organisms that share the same ancestor that have similar physical structures whereas analogous structures contain different organisms that have similar functions but are different in form as well as ancestor wise.
Some species evolve/change during the early state of their lives and ONLY then.

Ecology

A producer can make their own food from photosynthesis (C).
Ecosystems are grouped into biomes if they share similar characteristics (A).
An abiotic factor includes temperature.
Terrestrial and Aquatic biomes are two major biomes. Trees and mammals live in Terrestrial biomes. Coral, sharks and some bacteria live in Aquatic biomes.
Yes, abiotic and biotic interact to form different sized ecosystems. The smallest habitats can be ponds, whereas the larger ones can be an ocean or rainforest.